Barnes declined an outright assignment from the Nationals and elected free agency Thursday, Bobby Blanco of MASNSports.com reports.
The Nationals outrighted Barnes to Triple-A Rochester on Wednesday.
Barnes was designated for assignment by the Nationals on Tuesday, Andrew Golden of The Washington Post reports.
The Nationals selected Barnes to the major-league roster Sunday.
Barnes struck out two in a scoreless inning of relief during Friday's Grapefruit League game against the Mets.
Barnes signed a minor-league contract with the Nationals on Tuesday that includes an invitation to spring training, Mark Zuckerman of MASNSports.com reports.
Barnes (hip) has recovered from offseason hip surgery and is expected to throw for MLB teams within the next week, Jon Morosi of MLB Network reports.
The Marlins declined Barnes' (hip) $9 million option for 2024 on Sunday, Daniel Alvarez-Montes of ElExtraBase.com reports.
Barnes will undergo surgery on his left hip July 25, Jordan McPherson of the Miami Herald reports.
Barnes (hip) struck out a batter and gave up no hits and one walk in a scoreless inning during his rehab appearance Tuesday for the Marlins' rookie-level Florida Complex League affiliate.