Dodson accumulated 10 tackles (five solo) in Thursday's Week 13 loss to Green Bay.
Dodson recorded five total tackles (two solo) and intercepted one pass in Sunday's 34-25 win over the Patriots.
The Dolphins claimed Dodson off waivers Tuesday, Marcel Louis-Jacques of ESPN.com reports.
Dodson was waived by the Seahawks on Monday, John Boyle of the team's official site reports.
Dodson tallied seven tackles (five solo), including one for loss, in a defeat against the 49ers on Thursday.
Dodson recorded nine total tackles (three solo), including 1.0 sacks, in Sunday's 29-20 loss to the Giants.
Dodson (ankle) has no injury designation ahead of Sunday's matchup against the Giants, Corbin K. Smith of SI.com reports.
Dodson (shoulder) was a full participant in Saturday's practice and does not carry an injury designation into Monday's game against Detroit, Tim Twentyman of the Lions' official site reports.
Dodson finished Sunday's 17-3 win over Miami with five tackles (three solo), including 1.0 sacks.
Dodson (shoulder) is active for Sunday's game against the Patriots.